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1、（4）、抗生素与合成激素的滥用Annex 3: Agricultural Policy and Food Security in China3、美味农业政策与食品安全--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Food security and the performance of the agricultural sectorAgricultural dlopment strategy, policies and food securityChina's food economy prospectsIssues and challengesReferences--------------------------------------------------------------------------------China's effort to produce enough to feed its growing population has long been recognized. It feeds over one-fifth of the world's population with only one-fifth of the world's arable land. In recent history, China has either exported food or imported relatively little. China was a net exporter of food, n of grain, in the 1950s. Although China became a net importer of grain in the 1960s, the share of net imports to total domestic consumption was marginal. Net import shares reached approximay three percent in the early reform period (1978-84), then declined to approximay one percent in the following period (1985-90). China has since become a net grain exporter, except in 1995 when it had a record ll grain imports of nearly 20 million tons. Net exports between 1992 and 1994 were over 5 million tons annually.While China's grain imports may grow slightly in the coming decades, the nation has dloped a strong ition as a net exporter of food (both grain and non grain) in value terms by exporting high value-added foodstuff including livestock products and other processed foods during the reform period. Net food exports grew to 2.3 billion US dollars in 1985 and peaked at 6.3 billion dollars in 1993, from a state of balanced trade (in value terms) in 1980 (China Customs Statistics).China's future food security, howr, is a subject of growing concern. First, although China's food production has grown over the last sral decades, year-to-year fluctuations of food supply and prs are significant. Market stabilization and food pr inflation he been among the major targets of government policy since the late 1980s. The Chinese government considers maintaining a comparatively high ll of food self-sufficiency, oiding supply shocks, and stabilizing consumer prs, a matter of national security and stability:To this end, the government recently adopted measures to stabilize domestic food supply and stabilize the market - these measures include administrative and economic intervention in food distribution and marketing s, national and local food reserve schemes, pr regulations, international trade, factor markets, and rural infrastructure dlopment.Secondly, food security and access to food are mainly poverty issues. Although national economic growth is strong, it is unn across regions. Farmer's incomes in the central and eastern regions of China continue to grow more rapidly than those in the west and southwest. Income inequality among regions, between rural and areas, and within regions continues to grow (MOA, 1997). In the early 1980s, tremendous progress was made in addressing China's poverty problem, mainly due to the government's rural reform program. Howr, this progress has slowed down over the past ten years.Finally, China's food supply ailability could be a major food security issue in the coming decades if policies were not formulated in the right directions. Worldwide, food production growth rates he outpaced population growth in recent decades, implying increased food。

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